“badal” refers to the act of substituting one’s own performance of a religious obligation with another person’s performance. This substitution is typically done in situations where the individual is unable to fulfill the obligation themselves due to valid reasons such as illness, incapacity, or being in a distant location.
For example, if someone is unable to perform their Haj pilgrimage due to health reasons, they may appoint someone else to perform the pilgrimage on their behalf as their “badal.” Similarly, in the case of Qurban (sacrifice) during Eid al-Adha, individuals who are unable to perform the sacrifice themselves may arrange for someone else to perform it on their behalf as their “badal.